Tourism: Brazil’s Location

brazil nut which is the biggest country in the atomic bod 16westerly America is a droll country with wonderful ends and sop upions. With half of South Americas estate and third gear of the people of all Latin Ameri disregards, brazil is a domain of a function of the marvelous, transcendent and the tragic. The gross argona of brazil covers approximately half of South America as it is the mainlands biggest nation. At just over 3. 3million squ atomic number 18 miles, it is fairly enlargedr than the unblemishedal United States (Eakin 1997).It ex gods 4,772 km from North to South and 4,331 km from east to west. overly, border of brazil meet otherwise nations on the continent excluding Ecuador and Chile. The east side of brazil nut is surrounded by the Atlantic Ocean. The trades union side of Brazil is surrounded by Guyana, French Guiana, Venezuela, and Suriname. On the northwest, Colombia edges Brazil. On the west, Brazil is edged by Bolivia and Peru. On the southwest, Argentina and Paraguay edge Brazil. On the south, Brazil is placing Uruguay (Infoplease 2000).The population composition of Brazil. According to the Brazilian Institute of geographics and Statistics (2013) which is the government activity statistical agency, Brazils population had depart magnitude to approximately from139. 8m in 1990 to 175. 9m in 2003. withal, it is predicted to reach about 200. 3m in 2020. Thus, it is obviously that Brazils population has been continually increase. Brazilian society progressed from succeeding waves of immigration from Europe and Africa. As illustrated by the 1996 census, 83m Brazilians argon of European origin including about 60m of mixed race. The saturnine inhabitants atomic number 18 of 7. m and Brazilians of Asian origins atomic number 18 about 700,000. Also, indigenous Indians who live on in Brazil atomic number 18 about 162,000.Furthermore, the massive majority of seek on racial dynamics in Brazil concentrates on the vitriolic-to- white variety. Brazils large-scale kindly surveys usually use deuce-ace pagan or color to capture the variety of identifications on this continuum including white (branco), browned (pardo, or mixed), and black (preto). It was surveyed that about 99% of the Brazils population included in atomic number 53 of these three classes in the three polls 1991, 2000, and 2010 (Stanley et al. 013). ?The heathenish and economicalal features of Brazil Brazilian identity has been primarily formed by the Portuguese, who delivered its major language and religion. However, it has been shaped by too native indios, Afri disregards and the many migrants from Europe, the Middle East and Asia. According to Burity (2008), even though Indigenous glossiness has frequently overlooked by urban Brazilians, it has back up to shape modern Brazil and its traditional myth, dance as hearty as music. The influence of Afri whoremonger culture is alike obvious, particularly in the Northeast.Portuguese bro ught not only a large number of black slaves but too their religion, music and cuisine which start out developed a part of Brazilian identity. It is obviously that Brazil is a very racially and heathenishly compound nation. Brazils prudence has become a major object of speculation for inter depicted object stakeholders, re searchers, specialists, and insurance feedrs over the world. With filled indwelling resources, and gradually energetic global corporations, Brazil has been notably selected as BRIC which are the quaternary very large, rapidly emerging economies countries including Russia, India and China.There are some(prenominal)(prenominal)(prenominal) major actors that Brazil tush be emerged as a wage increase star. Those are the strong global demand for the countrys tell products, wide-reaching successes for the countrys main corporations, and proper economic policies which have ameliorate confidence. Although once Brazils economy stagnated with debt crisis, macroe conomic volatility and mellowed inflation during the 1980s, to twenty-four hour period, Brazil is more intensely incorporated with the global economy than at any time in the past half light speed (Brainard & Martinez-Diaz 2009).Brazils economic management has been respectable however, worldly concern debt quiet remains high, which may pressure on government finances and menace sociable security. This is one of the major guinea pigs in Brazils sustained economic strength for the future and sustaining return to generate engagement and reducing government debt can be considered (St Louis 2010). ?Features of Brazils inbred environment Brazil boasts some of the intimately marvelous figuret and animal(prenominal) life in the world. Brazil has the worlds largest rain forest, as well as the greatest wetlands.Rain Forest covers much of the amazon river drainage basin while Wetland which is the largest fresh water swamp in the world, is half the size of France. This is mainly fl ooded grasslands from the River Paraguay which starts in Brazil and take to the woodss south to Argentina. This area is called the Pantanal. In Brazil, around 55,000 species of plants, 3000 freshwater fish, 770 amphibians and 520 mammals are found. more(prenominal) than one-third of the reptiles and over half the amphibians take spatial relation nowhere else and new species are being discovered constantly.Brazil has five principal biomes which are Amazonia, Atlantic rain forest, Caatinga, Cerrado and the wetlands of the Pantanal. Brazil is colossal country and its flora and fauna are scattered across vast regions (St Louis 2010). ?The history of hang-uping carry in Brazil Although Brazil is the biggest country in South America and has an abundance of cultural and environmental diversity, phaetonry has been generally ignored by both policy makers and the private division (Santana 2000).As the challenge of fostering the socioeconomic nurture by increasing the number of touri sts, in that respect was something the federal government took up only in the beginning of 1990s. Its application involved a series of public and private investments which have transformed both the region and social relationships in the areas directly influenced. Until the 1966 establishment of the Brazilian Tourism Institute named EMBRATUR, there was fundamentally no authorized policy of restraining touristry. EMBRATUR regulated several terms which can be considered as the creation of a national touristry policy.However, the initial role allocated to EMBRATUR was inadequate to consolidating the internal market and increasing external demand. In the beginning of the 1990s, an institute made the basic doer for developing official policies for the sector (Bartholo et al 2008). ?The place of touristry in the economic life of Brazil Although Brazil is not a tourism-dependent nation, tourism indicates one of the most vital areas for the successful Brazilian economy as well as the constant countrys development.According to Santana (2000), the tourism industriousness in Brazil has also been generally recognized as a promoter of social and economic development by the introduction of the Ministry of Sports and Tourism. With supported by increasing economic development, most tourism indicators had experienced extraordinary development by 1998. The de convention of air air helped out to raise domestic help travel to record levels in 1998 the number of air passengers rose by 25 percent surrounded by 1997 and 1998. Also domestic travel increased by 43 percent over 1997, when 38. million Brazilians travelled inside the country. The contribution to overall tourism receipts in 1998 was crucial, with over US $6 billion.The economic stability and strong currency have also made it possible for Brazilians to travel abroad. In 1997 Brazil experienced an infrequent tourism deficit that destabilized the countrys balance of payments. More than four million Brazilians w ent abroad compared to 2. 9 million international arrivals. According to the EMBRATUR, domestic and international tourism contributed over US $billion to the Brazilian economy, or 3. percent of the nations GDP (Santana 2000). Therefore, it is judge that there is a significant correlation ship between Brazilian tourism and Brazilian economic. Factors influencing tourists choice of Brazil as a finish ?Push factors that reach tourist demand for tourism in Brazil Push factors call to the fundamental necessary for engaging in tourism that is for using the facilities deliverd by the tourism industry (Weaver & Lawton 2006). There are several thrust factors that create a demand for tourism activity in Brazil. offset printing of all, inborn environment such as abundant natural resources are widely utilise to promote the nations tourism. International tourists attached to be attracted by Brazilian regions which have various attractions such as rivers, waterfalls, national parks, beaches and native forests. These attractions strengthen Brazilian topical anaesthetic economy. Also economic and technological development has made Brazil become the worlds fourth-largest internal flight market in terms of the number of travelers transported on scheduled airlines.The number of total internal air travelers in Brazil reached about 77. 4 million in 2011. Furthermore, infra complex body part case affects destination competitiveness in important ship representation. The superior of a destinations infrastructure may serve to attract tourists. In the process of choosing a destination, the image of infrastructure volition play important role. Another factor can be a political issue that tourists should have the praise of their government to enable them to travel to Brazil.The Brazilian government concludes a number of open skies contracts with several countries during 2009 and 2010 to open its air dit provision and give suck more foreign retaliateors into Brazil. Furthermore, the development of social tourism can be one of the factors. Vilela de Almeida (2011) mentions that in contemporary society, social tourism has been emphasized because, social tourism provides opportunities for travel and holidays for Brazilians who do not have admission fee to large amounts of discretionary income.There have been attempts by the Brazilian government to provide holiday opportunities for low income local people, for elderly people and for students. Those mentioned factors can be significant roles to develop Brazilian tourism. Components of the tourism supply-side in Brazil ?The ways in which Brazil and its attractions are promoted and examineed The Brazils forces government created Embratur, the Brazilian Tourist Agency, with the purpose of reshaping the tarnished image of the country, caused by reports of badgering and a heape by the dictatorship.Thus, Embratur became an important instrument for the formation of Brazils image abroad (Bandyopadhyay &a mp Nascimento 2010). Also Filho (2005) mentioned that in its advertisements Embratur emphasized Brazilian womans physical assets such as big bottoms, their convert skin and ease of being seduced. Furthermore, Alfonso commented that Embratur, the governmental body responsible for the regulation of the national tourist sector, disseminated images of almost naked women, mostly in Rio de Janeiro, in leaflets and banners.This city and symbols like the mulatta and samba, representing the beauties of Brazilian beasches and the national circus were chosen to structure Brazils image in the international market between 1970s and 1990s. However, today public and private officials are trying to revitalise tourism image as part of more diversified tourist products which includes fishing at bottom untaught and eco-tourism. Eco-tourism is promoted in the media by marketing the Pantanal as a paradise, an El Dorado and an ecological sanctuary.Officials are nifty on developing ecotourism in a more planned way which would be coherent with maintaining local natural and cultural resources rather than come along mass tourism which could provoke the opposite. The development of local rural and eco-tourism was first promoted by government tourist agencies and then taken up by the regional residents (Araujo& Bicalho 2009). ?Services available to tourists in Brazil including transport and hospitality Sustainable services which include transport and hospitality is one of the most significant component of the tourism supply-side in Brazil.Lowry (2012) reports that the tourism plan for the FIFA World Cup 2014 which is developed by the World Cup administrator Group (GECOPA), provide better tourism information to tourists. Also it offers quality services and accommodation, and promotes tourism destinations in Brazil. The plan provides for the construction, renovation or elaborateness of tourist service centers, the establishment of tourist signage, and civil construction proje cts to escort accessibility for persons with disabilities. Also Araujo and Bicalho (2009) mentioned that there has been constantly development of amenities for tourism in Pantanal.A new airport was constructed in Bonito municipality and some other new airport is scheduled for Porto Murtinho municipality. A paved freeway was strengthened across the Pantanal between Corumba and the state capital Campo Grande. Existing roads within the swamps have been converted into park routes. Also a historic railroad line between Campo Grande, Miranda and Aquiduana has been restarted as a tourist attraction since 2009. Also there is a net contrive of tourist services in urban and rural areas which include hotels, restaurants, night clubs and other attractions.Furthermore, urban facilities were demanded by tourists so that since 1995, electrical energy has been available to remote rural areas. Most lodges started to install electric lighting, data track water, air conditioning, cable televisio n, internet and mini-refrigerators in the guest rooms and saunas and travel pools for guests. Tourist facilities also include parking lots, public bathrooms, and access roads to lakes for recreation fishing so it allows tourists easy and safe access to natural attractions. Tourist experiences in Brazil ?performance experiencesMany international tourists visit Brazil to get virtuous tourist experience and to gaze the Brazils image through Carnival which is the best well-known fete in Brazil and has developed a national event of huge sizes. The country breaks for almost a week and events inclined to be intense, day and night, mainly in coastal cities. Carnival in Brazilian culture is considered as much more than a simple celebration. Delgado (2012) mentioned that it is one of the pieces that make up the Brazilian identity. To establish an identity is intendful to Brazilian.It is through the deviation with respect to each other that the idea of ??unity of the nation is built. Thus, the genus Circus is an element of variantiation with respect to each other, serving as a mark of a Brazilian. There was naturally basic characteristic change over time in terms of a traditional carnival however, the contact with tourists as well as the growing popularity of communication, technologies and globalization has deepen the process. There is plurality of identities, constructed by different social groups in different historical moments.Thus, similar to authentic identity, the original representations are built up and modified as changes social and historical moments. The importance for the Brazilian carnival is undeniable, most popular party in the country which is a place where the transgression is possible, the world of street is transformed temporarily into space. ?Photography Hillman (2007) defines that the picture taking generates and transmits images and tourist symbols such as sites, memorials and masterpieces and its important role is to construct and interpret the tourist destination image in special historic, social and cultural background.The use of postcards, tourist leaflets, and photographic evidence of journey by tourists is a way of justifying their journey and tourism experience through visual authentication. Also the expanding spaces of cameras and video increasingly are able to represent themselves both to tourist and academics. The best-known example is probably the Kayapo in Brazil. They were supplied with video cameras after work with visual anthropologists and Amazonian Indians in Kayapo are represented by broadcast (Crang 1997).The lustrous images of life of Amazonian Indians makes people actually travel around the area. Then they leave behind go back to home with the proof of travel to distant and exotic places, and visual authentic verification that they were actually present in the location. ? spend experience In Brazil, there is a special place where tourists can have a slum experience. The name of place is Rocinha which is the largest favela in Latin America, and is located in Rios South Zone. It has not been well-known since until slum tourism have become a recognized form of dark tourism.Ma (2010) contended that slum tourism provides a distinctive experience that todays traveler seeks meaning in their vacations and is moving away from the trend of fun and pleasure. Freire (2008) commented that one of the most popular slum tour organizations is Favela Tours which has seen an average of 3,000 tourists per month for the past ten years. A total of 98% of its market is foreigners, a trend seen across all form slum tours. Also, Frenzel & Koens (2012) mentions that more than 50,000 tourists participated in organized favela visits in Rio in 2011.And a number of tourists will probably ontogenesis with the coming FIFA World Cup in 2014 and Olympic Games in 2016. More recent year the favela tours are also offered in Sao Paulo and Salvador de Bahia. The figure from Brazil indicates that slum touri sm is already a highly professionalized business in the country. Apart from guided tours, the destination also offer elements of adventure tourism such as bicycle and motorbike tours, accommodation in the slum and specialized tours focusing on music, food or ecological aspects.Therefore, it is expected that slum tourism stimulate local entrepreneurship and local economic development, and support poverty alleviation. Impacts of tourism on tourists and the host society ?Impact of tourism on Brazilians The pertains of tourism on Brazilians can be both a positive and negative. Tourism has increasingly become a key economic activity for Brazilian. According to Puppim de Oliveira (2003) especially Northeast region possesses a significant potential for the development of tourism such as a fast climate year round, cultural diversity and over 2. thousand kilometers of seacoast with attractive beaches. Thus, tourism in this area modifys the regional economy, attracting investments, creati ng jobs and generating income to diminish poverty. Similarly, tourism activities can bring positive externalities to society. For instance, the infrastructure for tourism can be used for other purposes as well. Airports can also be used by locals who want to travel.Roads can be used for transportation of local passengers, and agricultural or manufactured products. In the State of Bahia, Brazil, the paving of the touristic road connecting the small town of Itacare to the arger town of Ilheus allowed the creation of new bus lines. Before the construction, Itacare had only few bus routes so that there were unceasingly limited transportation options of the local population. The new road increased access by the local population to Ilheus for shopping, recreation and medical purpose. Therefore, it is clear that tourism industry can improve local economic and employment benefits. On the other hand, there is negative tourism impact on Brazilians. The local environment and society has a li mited capacity to absorb and determine from impacts of tourism.If these impacts exceed the carrying capacity, their effects on the environment and local society can become permanent and cause serious environmental, social and cultural problems. Also uncontrolled competition within the tourism industry over environmental resources such as water, land, environmental amenities, can generate un worthy impact on the whole industry. An increasing demand for an attractive unexplored beach can produce a growing construction of hotels and houses at the sea side that can degenerate the primary environmental quality of the beach.This can also cause a series of environmental problems such as deforestation, air and water pollution, degeneration of the landscape, which can negatively affect the quality of tourism or even the whole tourism industry in a region. For example, the Pantanal wetlands face serious threats, including the rapid spread of intensive soy, cotton fiber and sugarcane farming on Brazils central plains, which are the source of most of the Pantanals water. Furthermore, on Brazils coasts, growth of cities and growing tourism developments threaten many delicate coastal marine ecosystems (St Louis 2010).Thus, an uncontrolled growth of tourism in one region can potentially undermine its tourism by damaging its environmental or cultural resources, if proper intervention is not in place. Conclusion ?What are the prospects for the future of Brazil as a tourist destination and what should be done to ensure a successful future for Brazil? As it mentioned above, there is no doubt that Brazilian tourism already shows a major role in the Brazilian economy and that it also represents a substitute for development.There is a constant development of infrastructural in tourism area based on exotic natural environment to attract tourists. Therefore, it is boosting a significant increase of a number of international tourists in Brazil. With 2014 Brazil world cup and 2016 B razil Olympic, it is expected that tourism industry will be more developed and a number of tourists will be more visited ever before. However, unfortunately, Brazil is now also renowned for the destruction of its natural environment that all of its major ecosystems are jeopardize and over 200 animal species are endangered.Thus, the amount of protect territorial dominion continues to grow. At least 20 new national parks have been created since the late 1990s (St Louis 2010). Also, there is also another negative issue that the sexual exploitation of women and children has made a Brazil portrayed as a sexual playground (Bandyopadhyay & Nascimento 2010). Likewise, the countrys reputation as an tickling playground continues to attract the wrong type of tourist with special tour purpose. Thus, it is obvious that protecting Brazils natural wonders and changing tourism image should be resolved as essential for Brazilian tourism future.To ensure successful future for Brazil, all stak eholders of Brazilian tourism including government should have an important role to play that not only ensures tourism development which minimizes harm to the ecology, but also provides an economic incentive which encourages deliverance and protection. Brazilian tourism has the potential to be beneficial in the several sectors in national economic and local development however, the tourism also has the potential negative impacts such as some negative images and environmental issues.Thus, the tourism is needed several implications in order to be sustainable. Therefore, to improve Brazilian tourism, this report recommends that firstly it should be enhanced a destinations competitiveness through the target markets sensation of the destination and through its positive image. Also, it should be developed a desirable plan to adopt a comprehensive approach which integrates tourism economic development, international or inter regional trade, social development and other marketing goals in to an integrated strategy.Secondly, the environmental problems can be minimized by the governments which generate governmental environmental organizations and educate government officials in environmental issues, and enforce environmental regulations. Furthermore, it is important to control of development and tourist flow and creation of protected areas by Brazilian governments which are responsible for creating protected areas for providing incentives for private actions towards environmental protection.